How slope is calculated
Slope percentage uses vertical rise divided by horizontal run. The angle uses the arctangent of the same ratio.
grade (%) = rise ÷ run × 100
angle = arctan(rise ÷ run)
angle = arctan(rise ÷ run)
Worked example
A 6 inch rise over a 120 inch horizontal run is a 5% grade and an angle of about 2.86°.
Planning only: ramp, drainage, roofing and accessibility requirements vary by location and project. Confirm the design against applicable codes and qualified guidance.